Friday, June 27, 2008

First week of SIP

Andika Putra Anda Indera

0604612B

First week of SIP



The first day of SIP started off with a briefing regarding the procedure to clock in and out, which I will have to do everyday. Thereafter I proceeded to the conference room where my supervisors gave a briefing regarding the requirements and guidelines of in-house SIP. Basically I will start at 8.30am everyday and end at 5.45 on monday-thursday while friday ends at 5.15.



I found out during the briefing that 80% of my SIP will be doing my MP whereas 20% will be spent doing TSO. Apparently, that's only once a week thus I have plenty of time for my MP. Speaking of MP, after the briefing I went to have a meeting with Dr.Chang, who is my supervisor, to discuss my MP.



My MP is basically about an organism called Edwardsiella Tarda which causes Edwardsiellosis in fishes. Edwardsiellosis is a very important bacterial infection in fishes as it is one of the major problems in the aquafarming industry. Edwardsiellosis often leads to death of fishes with atleast a 50% mortality rate if the fishes are kept in tank. Hence, my MP is to assist Dr.Chang in trying to create a vaccine that is specific to Edwardsiella tarda.



My first task is to research more information regarding the organism and to find the aceE gene in Escherichia Coli, Salmonella enterica, Shigella Flexneri and Yersinia Enterocolita. Due to the fact that Edwardsiella Tarda gene has not been completely sequence, these four organisms might contain similar genes because they all belong to the enterobacteriaceae family.



In order to locate the gene, I will be using pubmed and search for the organism's respective aceE gene. Using a software called CLUSTERW, I am able to merge the aceE gene of the 4 organisms together. After the aceE gene is grouped together, I will use another software called BOXSHADE which helps me to highlight the similar genes between the 4 organisms.

On friday, I had a lab briefing conducted by Mr Lester. He showed us the various lab equipment in AS4. The first equipment is the centrifudge and microfudge. He explain the difference between a fixed angle and a swing bucket. Basically, fixed angle means the tube that will be placed in the centrifudge lies in a fixed angle. Swing bucket refers to the bucket being at a 180 degrees position while the centrifudge is spinning.

The next equipment he showed me was the autoclave. In AS4, the autoclave machine can only be used at 10am, 1pm and 4pm. Therefore, if there is a need for me to autoclave I will have to follow the schedule time. He explain the steps on how to use the autoclave.

Finally, he showed me the BSL2+ class laboratory. Basically, a BSL2+ is a laboratory that handles organisms that is able to infect humans. The lab is isolated from the corridor which means, the lab and corridor is separated by another room. The air pressure in the BSL2+ lab is lower than the room and corridor. This is to prevent bacteria from the lab to escape to the corridor as it travel from a region of high pressure to low pressure. Since the air pressure in the lab is lower, it remains in the lab. Another security function is that the BSL2+ lab cannot be accessed if the door to the corridor is open. This means that out of the 2 doors that is available in the room between the corridor and BSL2+ lab, one of the doors must be closed for the other to open.

In the BSL2+ lab, I was shown how to use the BSL cabinet and the functions and limitations of it. The direction of the airflow, ventilation and arrangement of reagents are explained by Mr Lester.

14 comments:

Anonymous said...

Hello.

I am curious about one thing. You mentioned about the centrifuge and the microfuge. Are their functions similar? As in are they used to spin the same items or different items?

Thanks!

Li Ping
TG 02

hellomedtech said...

Hi. How are you?

Anyway, you said that Edwardsiella Tarda is an organism that cause bacterial infection to fish and this infection is called Edwardsiellosis. How the infection actually affects the fish and cause death?

Hardina
Tg01

Anonymous said...

Hi

You say you will be using pubmed and search for the organism's respective aceE gene. Is pubmed a machine or a data or what is it?

Thanks!

Justina
TG 01

BMT said...

Li Ping...

The functions of the centrifudge and microfudge is similar. However, centrifudge is used to spin tubes of 15ml and 50ml whereas microfudge is used to spin tubes of smaller size

BMT said...

Hardina... Im fine:)

The pathogenesis of Edwardsiella Tarda is poorly understood however the suspected site of penetration for the bacteria is intestines and abraded skin.

Fish affected by Edwardsiellosis shows symptoms of spiralling movement and they die with their mouth agape and opercula flared which could be due to oxygen deficiency. Gross lesions can be seen on the skin, pale gills, tumefaction of the eye, excessive mucus secretion, scale erosion and swelling and bleeding of the anus is usually noticed

BMT said...

Justina...

Pubmed is basically a website which acts as a database for scientists to research on. It contains gene sequences of various organisms. Pubmed is also updated by scientists and it also acts as a platform for them to publish their works.

Fluid collectors said...

Hi Andika,

You mentioned about fixed angle and a swing bucket centrifuge. May i know when a fixed angle or a swing bucket centrifuge is used? Like for what kind of items the different types of centrifuge spins?

Thanks!

Malerie
TG02

Anonymous said...

Hey.

Does this Edwardsiella Tarda affects all fish regardless of species? Is ther a species that is more susceptible to the infection?

GLAD

tg01 group 2 said...

Hello Andika

I have read your posts and there are a few points i would like to query.

1. Can you explainthe pathogenesis of Edwardsiella Tarda and how exactly the mechanism it can cause death in fishes

2. It the vaccine used to treat Edwardsiellosis or to prevent it from happening?

3. Can you explain the steps on how to use an sterilisation and what is the difference compared to a decont

4. For BSL 2+ labs, what do you mean by organisms present in the lab? Do you mean microorganisms? From what i understand, only BSL class II pathogens are allowed in the lab. So if BSL I microbe that can cause disease in immunocompromised individual, is it allowed in the BSL II lab?


Thanks

From: Ma Xianwei Benjamin
0606181F
TG01

group1 said...

Hi!

I have something to ask about. Is there vaccination available for other infection for fishes? How is the vaccine going to be given to the fishes? injection or give small tablet to the fishes or to put the vaccine in the water?

Thanks!

Chew Yu Mei
TG01

tg01 group 2 said...

Hello Andika,

I have 3 questions for you:

1)You mentioned that you are able to merge the aceE gene of the 4 organisms together using the software CLUSTERW. May I ask for the significance of merging the aceE gene?

2)How does BOXSHADE aid you in highlighting the similar genes between the 4 organisms? Can you briefly explain the procedures to it?

3)Can you explain the significance of highlighting the similar genes between the 4 organisms?

Thanks! =)

Han Yang
TG01

tg01 group 2 said...

hello Andika

What are the functions and limitations of the biosafety cabinets? What are the implications if the biosafety cabinets are cluttered? What happens if the pipette connected to the biosaftey cabinet do not work? What are the steps to operate the biosafety cabinet? Can the shuttle of the biosafety cabinet be pulled up all the way? What is the minimum number of people surrounding the biosafety cabinet that the airflow will not be disrupted? What happens if a fire occur in the biosafety level 2 laboratory? Why should the centrrifuge be sprayed with 70% ehtanol after use? How different is the autoclave in the biosafety level 2 lab from autoclave from normal decontamination rooms? Why can't the biosafety level 2 laboratory be close to the biosafety level 2 lab for mammalian cell technology?

I hope these questions will not be too much for you :) Thanks for answering them

From: Benjamin Ma
Class: TG01
0606181F

tg01 group 2 said...

Hi again Andika,

Hope your research has progresses...

While reading through your post again, I have some queries.

1)I am quite curious to know why can the autoclave machine be used only at 10am, 1pm and 4pm?

2)What are the precautions to take and what should you check out for when using the autoclave machine?

3)Why does bacteria travel from a region of high pressure to low pressure?

4)How is the air pressure maintained low in the BSL2+ lab?

5)According to what I have learnt, the BSC 2 can protect both the user and the specimen. Since if you are handling the microorganism in the BSC 2, is there any chance that the microorganism can escape into room and to the corridor?

Thankz!

Han Yang
TG01

hellomedtech said...

hello...

the organism that you mentioned where is the source and what type of fish does it infect?

and is there by any chance that it will infect other animals or humans?

sutiana